Market Research Glossary
The market research industry is awash with terms (it practically has its own language!) which is why we've compiled an extensive glossary to help visitors to our website navigate the many definitions, abbreviations and jargon. Whether you're looking to define a particular research methodology, or you've come across an unfamiliar research term and simply want to know what it means and how it can be applied - look no further.
As no industry stands still, we're continually updating our glossary to ensure it reflects emerging methods, techniques and the ever-changing research landscape - it's grown significantly since DJS Research was founded back in 2001! Completely free to access, like our sector insights, this glossary has become a valuable resource for our site visitors - we hope you find it useful.
Accessibility of SurveysHow have we made our surveys accessible? Outside of the above, we have also made progress in enhancing the compatibility of our online survey template with screen-readers, which allow blind and partially-sighted… Read more... |
Accompanied Shop Market ResearchIn market research, accompanied shops refers to the process of a researcher literally joining a shopper, the respondent, on a shopping trip. Accompanied shops can be an effective way of understanding… Read more... |
Accompanied Shopping TripsIn our experience, one of the most effective ways of understanding a consumer’s buying behaviour is to accompany them on a shopping trip – something we call "Accompanied Shopping Trips".… Read more... |
Accompanied SurfsAccompanied surfs (also known as online accompanied shopping) is when a customer is observed as they interact with a product on the internet. Neuroscience is often used in the form of face coding and… Read more... |
ACORNDeveloped by CACI Limited, the ACORN consumer classification tool categorises the population of the United Kingdom into various demographic types. ACORN, which provides an in-depth understanding of the… Read more... |
Ad Hoc Market ResearchAd hoc market research refers to studies which are carried out on a 'one-off' basis - as opposed to being a larger tracking project or a programme of on-going research. Ad hoc research is often… Read more... |
Ad Hoc Market Research SurveysAd Hoc Market Research Surveys are used to address specific marketing issues or areas of enquiries by collecting data at one point in time from one sample. In other words, Ad Hoc Market Research Surveys… Read more... |
Ad Positioning Statement Testing Market ResearchAd positioning statement testing is used to define the position of a certain brand in the mind of the consumer. This methodology is used in market research to show companies how their customers, and prospective… Read more... |
Ad Recall Market ResearchThe purpose of Ad Recall Market Research is to measure of the effectiveness of advertising. This type of research recognises that simply reaching audiences is not the be all and end all of advertising… Read more... |
Ad Testing Market ResearchAd testing market research involves testing advertisements across a range of different mediums (TV, online, print, radio etc.) and the technique can be utilised at almost any stage during the ad development… Read more... |
Ad Tracking Market ResearchAd Tracking Market Research is utilised to monitor the performance of a brand across a range of criteria including advertising and brand awareness and attitudes about the brand in comparison with competitors.… Read more... |
Adaptive Conjoint AnalysisAdaptive conjoint analysis is a computer aided survey platform developed in the 1980s by Richard Johnson (founder of Sawtooth Software) which is unique in that it is able to provide a custom, tailor-made… Read more... |
Advertising ResearchIn order to advertise both effectively and efficiently, specialist Advertising Market Research is often conducted by media agencies in order to improve the targeting of creative towards relevant audiences,… Read more... |
Agile Market ResearchThe idea of ‘agile’ was first used by companies that made and developed products. It was used to connect all the parts of the project, from the planning team to the testing team, to gain a… Read more... |
AIMRIAIMRI is the Alliance of International Market Research Institutes. DJS Research Ltd is an AIMRI member. Read more... |
Alternatives to face-to-face researchAlternatives to face-to-face (F2F) market research include a range of digital and more traditional approaches, such as CATI interviewing (telephone interviewing), online surveys or paper-based surveys… Read more... |
Alumni Market ResearchAlumni market research is a type of market research, most often carried out in the higher education sector (although some colleges and larger private schools or school networks do also conduct alumni… Read more... |
Analogous SituationsIn market research, analogous situations are sometimes used to consider a product or service which cannot be tested directly. For instance, a researcher may be looking to understand the likelihood of… Read more... |
AnalysisThe analysis stage of a market research project is the process of gathering all the data - be it qualitative, quantitative, or a mix of both - together and drawing out patterns and conclusions from it.… Read more... |
Applied Market ResearchApplied market research is a specific type of market research, used to find answers to questions that have a direct impact on practical scenarios. For example, applied research would be used in the medical… Read more... |
AQRAQR is The Association for Qualitative Research. AQR was founded in the 1980s and is a non-profit organisation focussed on developing and maintaining the quality of qualitative research. DJS Research… Read more... |
Asynchronous ResearchAsynchronous research is an approach in which the respondent records their response on their own time - within a given time frame. With the rise and increasing ubiquity of the internet, this type of approach… Read more... |
At-Home TestingDuring market research product testing projects, it may be decided that the best method of testing a product is for participants to take the product home with them and to use it for an extended period… Read more... |
Attitude, Awareness and Usage (AAU) StudyAn Attitude, Awareness and Usage (AAU) Study is a particular type of market research study that allows client companies to gain a greater understanding of their market presence, and their strength within… Read more... |
Attitudinal SegmentationAttitudinal segmentation is when companies target their customer groups based on a set of shared attitudes they hold. Conducting this kind of segmentation allows you to understand existing and potential… Read more... |
Audience MeasurementAudience measurement is the term which refers to a technique broadcasters and advertisers use to determine the demographic of people who are watching or listening to a broadcast. Audience measurement… Read more... |
Automotive Industry Market ResearchAutomotive industry market research can be undertaken both on behalf of and with regards to the automotive industry. Automotive industry market research is not bound to a specific research method, with… Read more... |
B2B Market Research CompaniesB2B (business to business) market research companies are market research companies that only offer their services to B2B businesses, not B2C (business to consumer) businesses. The research carried out… Read more... |
Back Checking DataBack Checking Data is a method employed by researchers to aid in the quality control procedure of the data and of the responses gathered during market research projects. After the data is gathered by… Read more... |
Balanced ScaleA balanced scale refers to an ordinal question asked to the respondents of a piece of research. It is mainly used in quantitative market research questionnaires and surveys. A balanced scale question… Read more... |
Bar ChartA bar chart displays data in the form of bars - either horizontally or vertically. The length of the bars is in a direct relationship with the value of that chart's attribute. In market research,… Read more... |
Bayesian StatisticsBayesian Statistics are a specific subset within the wider range of statistics. The definition of Bayesian Statistics is essentially that of evidence being expressed in what is known as Bayesian probabilities,… Read more... |
Behaviour modificationBehaviour modification is when a person’s behaviour is changed over time, which will often be used to reinforce positive actions. Often using negative and positive reinforcements, it is a part of… Read more... |
Behavioural change wheelThe behavioural change wheel is a visual guide that psychologists use to understand the factors that affect behaviour. As part of behavioural science, it shows three main sections that can be used to… Read more... |
Behavioural Economics NudgingIn behavioural economics, nudging refers to subtly guiding individuals’ behaviour by altering the way choices are presented, without forbidding any options or significantly changing their economic… Read more... |
Behavioural Economics ResearchBehavioural economics is a research method often used by psychologists to study people’s decision making, and comes under the category of behavioural science. It is performed in research studies… Read more... |
Behavioural ScientistsBehavioural scientists refer to scientists who study why humans sometimes behave in a way that may not maximise their own well-being, such as making choices in the present that do not maximise their happiness… Read more... |
Behavioural SegmentationBehavioural segmentation is the term used to describe how market research professionals and marketers can identify and analyse specific patterns in behaviours, enabling market researchers to segment a… Read more... |
Behavioural Theory EconomicsBehavioural theory economics, more commonly known as behavioural economics, is a field that uses insights from psychology and economics to understand how individuals actually behave in economic situations,… Read more... |
Behavioural Theory PsychologyBehavioural theory psychology is an area of psychology that focuses on the study of observable behaviours rather than internal mental states. It’s based on the principle that all behaviours are… Read more... |
Berg Balance ScaleThe Berg Balance Scale is the name of a clinical test which determines the static and balance abilities of the participant. Health care professionals will often administer the Berg Balance Scale test… Read more... |
Best Market Research CompaniesThe best market research companies in the UK tend to deliver high-quality, reliable, and actionable insights to businesses across various industries, unless they specialise in one specific industry. The… Read more... |
BHBIABHBIA is the British Healthcare Business Intelligence Association. The BHBIA aims to promote the value and professionalism of business intelligence in the Healthcare sector. DJS Research Ltd are certified… Read more... |
Biased Market Research SampleDuring market research projects, it is possible to have biased market research sample. This is when a particular statistic in the sample does not accurately portray the true value within the target population.… Read more... |
BIGBIG is the Business Intelligence Group. BIG represents users and suppliers of B2B research and market intelligence services. DJS Research Ltd holds a membership with the Business Intelligence Group. Read more... |
Bivariate Regression AnalysisBivariate Regression Analysis is a type of statistical analysis that can be used during the analysis and reporting stage of quantitative market research. It is often considered the simplest form of regression… Read more... |
Bivariate Research TechniquesBivariate Research Techniques consist of a variety of statistical testing methods used in market research to analyse the relationship between two variables. One variable is frequently labelled as the… Read more... |
Blind Use TestingBlind Use Testing is when certain information or aspects of a product are kept concealed from the tester to ensure there is no bias in their reporting. Blind Use Testing can be used when clients want… Read more... |
Brand Auditing Market ResearchBrand Auditing Market Research has several instrumental benefits to companies, it: Identifies awareness and knowledge gaps that may inform marketing communications with customers, prospects, suppliers… Read more... |
Brand DifferentiationBrand differentiation is a process undertaken by companies who seek to ensure their brand stands out from their competitions’. By singling out unique qualities your product offers and promoting… Read more... |
Brand Equity Market ResearchBrand equity is the way in which consumers view a brand. Understanding brand equity will allow a company to change and adapt their branding suitably to fit the image they want to portray. If consumers… Read more... |
Brand Impact Market ResearchBrand Impact Market Research is a method used to establish the effectiveness of advertising and brand messaging for a particular brand, product or service. It leads to insights into the strongest possible… Read more... |
Brand Mapping ResearchBrand mapping is used in market research to help businesses understand how their brand is performing based on comparisons with their competitors. A common way of using brand mapping effectively is to… Read more... |
Brand Market ResearchBrand market research refers to the process of research which is related to brands and branding. A brand is an abstract set of ideas or beliefs about an organisation, company, product or person. Most… Read more... |
Brand Price Trade OffIn order to gain insight into the effects of varying price points on purchase behaviour, many retailers utilise the Brand Price Trade-Off (BPTO) research technique before launching a competitive product… Read more... |
Brand Tracking Market ResearchBrand tracking is used to measure the health of a brand based on customer opinion and usage. If done well, brand tracking can show which strategies worked the best to promote the brand and it can also… Read more... |
Brief - Market ResearchIn market research, a brief is a basic set of specifications about what a particular research project is hoping to achieve and what business problems the research seeks to solve. Briefs are usually given… Read more... |
British Nudge UnitThe British Nudge Unit, officially known as the Behavioural Insights Team (BIT), is a social purpose organisation that applies principles of behavioural economics to improve public policy and services.… Read more... |
Bulletin Board GroupsBulletin Board Groups, also known by other names such as Bulletin Board Focus Groups or forums, is a qualitative research methodology. It is an online technique, whereby participants take part in an online… Read more... |
Business to Business (B2B) Market ResearchB2B market research is research carried out with businesses. These businesses may still be clients, or potential clients, of the commissioning company or organisation, but they are not individual customers… Read more... |
Business to Consumer (B2C) Market ResearchBusiness to Consumer (B2C) Market Research is research conducted with consumers on behalf of businesses. It may also be simply called Consumer Research. Research will be conducted with consumers… Read more... |
CAPI Market ResearchIn market research, CAPI stands for computer aided personal interviewing. CAPI is used when the interviewer is carrying out face-to-face research, and utilises a laptop, or more commonly a tablet or hand-held… Read more... |
CATI Market ResearchIn market research, CATI stands for computer aided telephone interviewing. CATI is used when an interviewer is carrying out telephone research - be it B2B or consumer. The interviewer is able to read… Read more... |
Causal ResearchIn order to investigate the impact of one variable against another, many brands and organisations look to Causal Research to accurately measure the possible effects of a range of cause and effect relationships.… Read more... |
CAWI Market ResearchIn market research, CAWI stands for computer assisted web interviewing - a technique where the respondent follows a questionnaire script provided on a webpage. CAWI allows for the display of images, videos,… Read more... |
CensusA census study incorporates every available aspect of a given population. For instance, a census study in the UK incorporate all ethnic groups and sexes for example. Many governments still maintain a… Read more... |
CHAIDIn market research, CHAID is the acronym for chi-square automatic interaction detection. CHAID is based on a form of significance testing and is often applied to direct marketing applications, where it… Read more... |
Channel CheckingThe aim of a channel check is to obtain information across a company’s supply chain, in order to analyse a company’s stock. The information must not be sourced from the company being analysed,… Read more... |
Chi-squareOtherwise referred to as the X2 test, the Chi-Square test is a statistical hypothesis test for the measurement and definition of sample distribution. This form of test is commonly used to determine the… Read more... |
Choice Modelling Market ResearchChoice modelling is used in market research to create a scenario where consumers purchase products, in order to observe their decisions. When purchasing products, individuals will unconsciously select… Read more... |
Choice-Based Conjoint AnalysisChoice-based conjoint analysis is a methodology used in market research that focuses on consumers’ choices instead of facts and figures. It is used by companies to compare the customer’s opinion,… Read more... |
CIM (Chartered Institute of Marketing)The Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) was founded on the 16th May 1911. CIM's Royal Charter states that it is a body set up 'to promote and develop the art and science of marketing and to… Read more... |
CIPR (Chartered Institute of Public Relations)The Chartered Institute of Public Relations (CIPR) offer memberships on an individual basis to members of the public relations profession regardless of their career level or seniority. CIPR's stated… Read more... |
ClientA client is any individual, company, department, government body, charity or any other person or organisation on who's behalf a market research agency is conducting research. Clients are responsible… Read more... |
Closed QuestionA closed, or closed-ended question, is a question which can only be answered in one of several specific ways. For example, a closed question might be one which is either a 'yes' or 'no'… Read more... |
Cluster SamplingWhen analysing a set of responses from a sample, natural yet distinctive groupings can often occur, particularly when it comes to the analysis of responses against a range of attitudinal or behavioural… Read more... |
Co-Creation Market ResearchCo-Creation market research is a methodology which involves a discussion between a brand, company or organisation and stakeholders within it, and that organisations customers or clients. Co-creation takes… Read more... |
Coding - Market ResearchIn market research, coding involves collating the various responses gained during the fieldwork process in to a set of several key 'issues' - each issue is then given a code. Coding is most often… Read more... |
Commercial Data ProcessingCommercial data processing (CDP) covers a wide range of systems that are used by commercial businesses and other organisations worldwide to ensure that data is processed quickly and with very few errors.… Read more... |
Competitor Market Research AnalysisCompetitor analysis is a research study designed to find the strengths and weaknesses of a rival brand, and to ascertain which scenarios provide the best opportunities for your business. Ultimately the… Read more... |
Computer Aided Self-Interview (CASI)A computer aided self-interview is a research method that involves the respondent using a computer to answer a survey without there being an interviewer or respondent asking the questions or taking note… Read more... |
Concept TestingSometimes referred as market testing, Concept Testing represents a vital aspect of the product development process, utilising both quantitative and qualitative research methods in order to gauge receptiveness… Read more... |
Conclusive Market ResearchConclusive market research, or conclusive research, consists of formal research which specifically answers a business problem - i.e. it is designed to help the client or commissioning individual make… Read more... |
Confidence levelA measurement of the frequency of confidence intervals, the Confidence Level refers to the number of samples within a population that include a true population parameter, as different samples selected… Read more... |
Confirmation BiasConfirmation bias is when a participant unconsciously recalls or selects information that supports their beliefs and values. It is also known that people will use ambiguous evidence to support their views,… Read more... |
Conjoint AnalysisConjoint analysis is used in market research to understand how specific attributes of a product or service are valued by those buying or using that product or service. The overarching aim of conjoint… Read more... |
Consumer Behaviour Market ResearchConsumer behaviour market research is a type of research that studies how customers behave and what makes them choose certain products and falls under the broad category of behavioural science. This data… Read more... |
Consumer Market ResearchConsumer market research is carried out with respondents who are asked to give their opinion on a particular product or service. Consumers are often members of the general public, although for less commonly… Read more... |
Consumer Panel ResearchConsumer panel research refers to a market research methodology which utilises consumer panels in order to quickly and efficiently understand the prevailing views of a group - whether that be a specific… Read more... |
Consumer ProfilingConsumer Profiling is a method of providing detailed information about a target market, and helping businesses to gain an in-depth insight into their customers, so they understand their market much better.… Read more... |
Consumer Research CompaniesConsumer research companies are market research companies who specialise in collecting, analysing, and interpreting data on consumer behaviour, needs and wants, and trends. Consumer research companies… Read more... |
Content Market Research AnalysisWhen sifting through large volumes of research data, Content Market Research Analysis can be a really helpful technique for the truncation of reams of text into smaller, more compressed, content categories.… Read more... |
Content Market Research AnalysisWhen sifting through large volumes of research data, Content Market Research Analysis can be a really helpful technique for the truncation of reams of text into smaller, more compressed, content categories.… Read more... |
Coolhunting (Market Research)Coolhunting was first used as a term in the early 1990s and refers to a then new group of marketing professionals (coolhunters) who tried to predict potential new trends, or changes to existing ones,… Read more... |
Correlation Analysis - Market ResearchCorrelation analysis is a method of statistical evaluation used to study the strength of a relationship between two, numerically measured, continuous variables (e.g. height and weight). This particular… Read more... |
Cross Tabulation Data (Cross-Tabs)During the process of data analysis, researchers will often choose to have the statistical results compiled into a Cross Tabulation or Cross-tab, which in simple terms, is a table containing columns and… Read more... |
Custom Market ResearchCustom market research is used to meet the exact requirements of a company that cannot be met by performing syndicated or off-the-shelf research. Custom research is used during the descriptive research… Read more... |
Customer Experience (CX) ResearchCustomer experience, also known as CX, is the entire experience a customer has with a business when using a service or buying a product. It includes each step of the buying process, from navigating the… Read more... |
Customer InsightCustomer insight focuses on the intersection between the interests of the consumer and features of the brand or organisation. Its main purpose is to understand why the consumer cares for the brand as… Read more... |
Customer Journey Mapping ResearchCustomer journey mapping is used by brands to understand the procedure that a consumer has been through in order to interact with their brand. This data can help a company understand how a customer may… Read more... |
Customer ProfilingCustomer Profiling is a method used to get an accurate understanding of your consumers to help you make informed, beneficial decisions to your company’s strategy. Customer profiling involves breaking… Read more... |
Customer Satisfaction Survey QuestionsCustomer satisfaction survey questions are a key component of any piece of customer satisfaction research, and thus a vital part of customer relationship management. Depending on the type of organisation… Read more... |
Customer SegmentationCustomer segmentation market research is an effective tool for organisations which deal with a wide-range of individuals and wish to offer a more targeted service or to target specific groups within their… Read more... |
DataMarket research data is the raw observations or measurements taken during the fieldwork element of a research project. Data can be in the form of numbers, audio files, verbatim comments, videos and numerous… Read more... |
Data Analysis in Market ResearchThe data analysis stage in a market research project is the stage when qualitative data, quantitative data or a mixture of both, is brought together and scrutinised in order to draw conclusions based… Read more... |
Data CaptureThis is any process for converting information into a form that can be handled by a computer. Automatic forms of data entry include the bar code reader – typically used at a shop to find details… Read more... |
Data Cleaning in Market ResearchData cleaning is an important aspect of market research and is linked to analysis once all the data has been collected. When done correctly, it ensures that all the useful data is separated from the unnecessary.… Read more... |
Data DictionaryA Data Dictionary is a centralised repository which holds information about data, mainly to be used for the purpose of information resource management. The information a Data Dictionary holds about data… Read more... |
Data Entry CompanyData Entry Company is a broad term used to describe companies who input various types of data, including alphabetic, numeric and symbolic, into computerised databases. The workload of a data entry company… Read more... |
Data Mining ResearchData mining is used in market research to uncover useful information from a large collection of data using computer software. This software can sort through information and find patterns from raw… Read more... |
Data ProcessingData processing is the transfer of data from its raw form in to a database format. There are numerous software packages which can be used to do this, and further packages which can be used to assist researchers… Read more... |
Data Protection in Market ResearchData protection in market research is covered by a selection of international and national laws that outline how researchers should collect and store data safely. These laws are used in a variety of different… Read more... |
Data SourcesThere are four main sources for market research data. Respondents, analogous situations, experimentation and secondary data. You can find out more information about these four sources by looking for their… Read more... |
Deliberative Market ResearchDeliberative research is a technique used in market research which focuses on participants’ views after they’ve had time to assess and think about the subject. Most research studies are performed… Read more... |
DemographicsDemographics are the statistics, or details, of a target population’s defining characteristics. These typically include details such as age, gender, marital status, income and occupation, but may… Read more... |
Depth ResearchDepth research is a term which can describe several different market research techniques, although it is most commonly associated with in-depth qualitative research with individuals, known as depth… Read more... |
Desk ResearchDesk research, in market research terms, is the drawing together and collating of secondary information. This information, or secondary data, may take the form of previous published research reports,… Read more... |
Device Agnostic SurveysHow have we made our surveys device agnostic? A key aspect for making surveys device agnostic is that we recognise from the start which device is being used and its screen size. With more surveys being… Read more... |
Diary MethodologyDiary methodologies are, in market research, most commonly used to compile data about consumer purchasing habits or media viewing. With the rise of online blogging and 'apps', diary studies have… Read more... |
Diary Panel Market ResearchDiary panel market research is a qualitative research method whereby a selection of respondents will be asked to keep a record of their experiences or observations over a particular period of time. This… Read more... |
Digital EthnographyDigital ethnography, which is sometimes referred to as netnography or virtual ethnography, is the term used to describe carrying out ethnographic market research in an online space. Online spaces are… Read more... |
Discriminant AnalysisDiscriminant analysis is a statistical classifying technique often used in Market Research. The function of discriminant analysis is to identify distinctive sets of characteristics and allocate new ones… Read more... |
Discussion GuideA discussion guide is used to outline the areas of questioning used in a qualitative interview or group discussion. Discussion guides, sometimes referred to as topic guides can vary in detail. The term… Read more... |
DJS Research LtdDJS Research Ltd is a full service market research agency based in the north of England, but with full UK and international capability. For more information on DJS and the market research we carry out,… Read more... |
Door-to-Door Market Research InterviewingDoor-to-door market research interviewing is a form of qualitative research whereby a respondent is asked questions on their doorstep, face-to-face. Door to-door market research may be used for several… Read more... |
Double-Blind Market ResearchWhen conducting a research study, there are independent, control and dependent variables (things that can affect the study that change, stay the same and are measured). In a double-blind research study,… Read more... |
EditingEditing is the process which takes place to ensure a market research questionnaire has been correctly completed. Read more... |
Education Marketing ResearchEducation marketing research is, essentially, research in to the education sector. The breadth of this sector means that it is often considered in small parts - such as higher education as opposed to… Read more... |
Element SamplingElement sampling, or direct element sampling, is a sampling method whereby every unit (i.e. person, organisation, group, company etc.) has an equal chance of being selected to be included in the research… Read more... |
Enabling TechniquesEnabling techniques are used in qualitative research, particularly within depth interviews, to help a respondent express their views in an articulate way. Enabling techniques allow participants to say… Read more... |
Environmental SustainabilityIn market research, environmental sustainability refers to the introduction of sustainable practices into the process of carrying out market research projects. You have to consider and evaluate the impact… Read more... |
ESOMARThe European Society for Opinion and Market Research (ESOMAR) was founded in 1948 and has over 4,900 members in over 130 countries. The objectives of the Society include: The promotion of the use of marketing,… Read more... |
EstimateAn estimate is an assumption based on a smaller sample population which is then extrapolated as a hypothesis for a larger population. A confidence interval is used to give an idea of the reliability of… Read more... |
Ethnographic Market ResearchEthnographic market research is the term used to describe the form of systematic market research, whereby researchers observe participants using a product or service, in their own environment. Using this… Read more... |
Executive SummaryAn executive summary can often be found towards the end of the research process. Usually the executive summary will be written into the final report by the researchers, in order for the client to understand… Read more... |
Exit Interview Market ResearchAn exit interview is a face-to-face research method performed when a customer is departing. Usually undertaken at shops, exit interviews are designed to assess the consumer’s thoughts about their… Read more... |
Experimental DesignExperimental design is a market research process whereby the researcher has control over one or several independent variables and manipulates them in order to garner the most relevant data. Read more... |
Exploratory Focus GroupsExploratory focus groups are a form of exploratory research. This area of research is used to unpick the research questions it is not used to have a final impact on a project or create solutions to problems.… Read more... |
Exploratory ResearchExploratory research is normally carried out at the early stages of a research process and is used to gain an understanding of the situation with the miminum use of time and minimal cost. Exploratory… Read more... |
Eye Tracking Market ResearchEye tracking is used in market research to pin-point where someone is looking at any given moment. The method is accessible by using an on-screen tracker for virtual scenarios, or by wearing a device… Read more... |
F-TestF-tests are a statistical technique used to consider the possibility that the results gained from data may be down to chance, as opposed to being a robust hyposthesis. If the results are shown to be likely… Read more... |
Face ValidityFace validity refers to the degree to which a measurement or piece of research is relevant - i.e. does it actually cover the concept or variable that is is trying to measure. Generally, face validity… Read more... |
Factor AnalysisFactor analysis is a stastical technique used in market research to identify the unobserved variables (called Factors) within a group of correlated, observed variables, which explain that correlation.… Read more... |
False AccuracyFalse accuracy results from a situation where a set of data gives the impression of being accurate, when in actual fact only a small degree of accuracy is present. Most commonly, false accuracy can occer… Read more... |
Fieldwork - Market ResearchIn market research, fieldwork is the term used for the collection of primary data from external sources, it is usually followed by a data processing step and then analysis and reporting. Fieldwork may… Read more... |
Focus Group DynamicsIn market research, focus group dynamics is a term which refers to the way individuals interact with and relate to others in a group situation. It is relevant in focus groups, in that a skilled moderator… Read more... |
Focus Group Marketing ResearchFocus group marketing research is a type of qualitative research designed to gain a thorough insight into the viewpoints of a certain profile of respondents on a particular topic. Typically 6-8 members… Read more... |
Focus Group RecruitmentFocus group recruitment is a specialised element within the market research fieldwork process and is centred around gathering respondents to take part in focus groups and group discussions. Different… Read more... |
Focus GroupsFocus groups bring together a group of respondents (normally 8 - 10) who are then encouraged to discuss and debate a specific topic. Often, stimuli are used to engender greater input or to gauge reactions… Read more... |
Focus Groups MethodologyFocus group methodology is the term used in market research to explain the role of focus groups, their purpose, how they are carried out and the processes that are followed during the focus group to achieve… Read more... |
Freelance Market ResearcherFreelance market researchers usually work alone and are self-employed in most cases. Typically, they would have numerous years of market research experience, and are contracted by research agencies during… Read more... |
FrequencyFrequency simply means the number of times a specific incident occurs. In market research, it is most often seen as a measure of a given opinion - it details the number of results which fall in to a given… Read more... |
Full-Service Market Research AgencyA full-service agency offers a full end-to-end market research study; from first deciding upon a plan, to analysing and interpreting the data. Often the research company will collect the data themselves,… Read more... |
Gabor Granger Pricing TechniqueThe Gabor Granger Pricing Technique was created by Andre Gabor and Clive Granger, and has been in use since the 1960s. It is a technique which asks the respondents about the likelihood that they… Read more... |
Gamification Market ResearchIn recent years there has been an increase in the use of online surveys for market research purposes. It has been found that the visual impact and the enjoyment of taking a survey increases the quantity… Read more... |
GANTT Chart for Market ResearchA GANTT chart is a horizontal bar chart used to show key dates in a project including the start and finish. In market research, it is used to plan a project effectively, to help reduce stress and to help… Read more... |
GeographicsIn market research, geographics is the term for various methods used to divide or sub-divide a list based on geographic or political boundaries. For instance, a list of respondents might be divided by… Read more... |
Get paid for online surveysOver the past few years, businesses have started to utilise surveys in various different formats and offer payments to the people that wish to take part. Following the development of hand-held technologies… Read more... |
Get paid for surveysAnswering a few questions has not been easier – especially when you can get paid for participating in surveys. Depending upon the topic, a survey can take anything from two minutes to 45 minutes… Read more... |
Get paid to do surveysEarning extra cash for surveys is probably one of the most common forms of making easy money. Surveys can be completed by phone, website or online incentives are offered as a reward for your opinions… Read more... |
Get paid to take surveysThere are lots of easy ways to make money, but getting paid to take part in surveys is by far the easiest. Customer opinions are paramount for any growing business and because of this, respondents are… Read more... |
Group DiscussionsGroup discussions are a qualitative technique whereby respondents are recuited and invited to give their opinion on a specific topic (i.e. a product, service or proposal) in a group format. They can be… Read more... |
Growth RateUsually shown as a percentage, growth rate records the fluctuating size of a given population by plotting the change from a specific point in time. The growth rate is calculated by dividing the total… Read more... |
Hall Test Market ResearchHall tests are a form of research methodology which involves inviting respondents in to a set location (traditionally a hall, hence the name) and then asking them to respond to certain stimuli - commonly… Read more... |
Health and Well-being Market ResearchHealth and well-being market research refers to the study and analysis of consumer preferences, behaviours and attitudes related to health and wellness. It helps businesses understand the ever-changing… Read more... |
Health behaviour changeHealth behaviour change is when people commit to behaviour modification for health benefits. It is a key part of behavioural science in the medical industry as many people have illnesses from modifiable… Read more... |
Hedonic ScaleThe study of hedonics is the science of pleasure. In market research, a hedonic scale is most often used to assess a respondent's pleasure, or satisfaction, with a product or service at an overall… Read more... |
HeuristicsHeuristics are mental shortcuts that help us make quick decisions and judgements. These strategies are generalisations or rules-of-thumb that reduce cognitive effort, enabling us to handle complex situations… Read more... |
Higher Education Market ResearchHigher education market research involves utilising all of the methodologies available in the wider research sphere, but applying them specifically to the higher education sector - including universities… Read more... |
Homogenous GroupsHomogenous groups are groups in which people, companies, organisations (i.e. respondents) or objects are identical, or are similar to the point at which they can be considered identical for a given purpose.… Read more... |
Hospitality Market ResearchMarket research is pivotal in the hospitality industry in many different scenarios, and the collection of customer feedback is one of the important ways that a research study can be used to good effect.… Read more... |
Hotel Market ResearchFor a hotel to be competitive, the necessary research needs to be undertaken before opening, regarding its competitors. Uncovering the rates that competitors are working at and what is included in the… Read more... |
Human behaviour studiesHuman behavioural studies is the study of how humans react to the environment around them. Psychologists have developed many ways to observe human behaviour that are now used in behavioural science market… Read more... |
Hypothesis Testing Market ResearchHypothesis testing is used to analyse two statements about a research study to assess which is best supported by the data. A regular hypothesis should be decided upon before the study has begun; however,… Read more... |
In-depth Interview (Depth Interview)An in-depth, or simply depth interview, is a qualitative technique which involves a researcher speaking to a respondent one-on-one, as opposed to a focus group which may include up to 10 individuals.… Read more... |
Incentive - Market ResearchIn market research terminology, an incentive is a gift or payment made to respondents in return for them taking part in a research project. Incentives vary depending on the length of a survey, the nature… Read more... |
Independent Market ResearchIndependent market research may have more than one specific definition. Specifically, independent market research may refer to research carried out by an independent company (such as DJS Research Ltd)… Read more... |
Intercept Research InterviewsAn intercept interview is a market research technique used to gather on-sight information from the consumer. Commonly used in shops and restaurants, it is a simple way to access the target population… Read more... |
International Market Research CompaniesInternational Market Research Companies are market research companies that conduct qualitative research, quantitative research or a mixture of the two, for consumer or B2B marketing projects in several… Read more... |
International SegmentationThere are three types of international segmentation – global, regional and unique. Global segmentation is used when there is a group of consumers with common needs that cross national borders; regional… Read more... |
Internet Market ResearchAs the internet has become increasingly a part of everyday life, so too has it become a part of market research. Internet research has grown at a rapid pace over the last few years due to the increasing… Read more... |
Judgement SampleJudgement sample is a type of non-random sampling consisting of a group of respondents who have been selected on the basis that their views, characteristics, opinions, behaviour and outlook will be representative… Read more... |
Key Driver AnalysisKey driver analysis is used to determine the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Often using a questionnaire, businesses will use it to understand the changes in customer behaviours,… Read more... |
Key VerifyingIn market research, key verifying is a process whereby two individuals input identical data to prepare it for processing and analysis. This is a method used to avoid distortion of data at this stage. Read more... |
Kids Market ResearchKids market research refers to qualitative or quantitative research with children, typically under the age of 16. Market research with children and young people is a specialist skill and involves… Read more... |
Laddering Market ResearchLaddering is a qualitative market research method used to understand the reasons behind why people buy and use certain products and services. Laddering aims to go beyond pure functional reasons why people… Read more... |
Likert ScaleThe Likert Scale is commonly used in market research techniques that involve questionnaires. When answering a Likert item on a survey, the respondent is gives their level of agreement or disagreement… Read more... |
Linear Regression AnalysisLinear regressions analysis is the process of linking a dependent variable with an independent variable to find trends. Simple linear regression is the term for when there is only one independent variable;… Read more... |
Localise Profiling ToolLocalise is a population profiling and consumer segmentation tool which has applications across the public and private sectors. Localise utilises demographic data at a local level to deliver regional… Read more... |
Logistic RegressionLogistic Regression is a statistical classification technique that can be used in market research. It is also known by several other names including logit regression, or logit modelling. Logistic Regression… Read more... |
Longitudinal Market ResearchLongitudinal market research, or simply longitudinal research, is most commonly used when there is a requirement for continual monitoring of a fixed sample of a population. Commonly the technique is referred… Read more... |
Mann-Whitney U TestThe Mann-Whitney U test is a nonparametric version of the T-test, used to assess a null hypothesis; stating that all outcomes have an equal chance of being greater or lower than the other. The first idea… Read more... |
Market Entry and Market Sizing ResearchMarket Entry and Market Sizing research is conducted before entering a new market, expanding within an existing market or releasing a new product. Market Entry and Market Sizing is essential in order… Read more... |
Market IntelligenceMarket intelligence is the information collected by companies of their external environment which helps to inform their strategies and tactics used in the decision-making process. Companies specifically… Read more... |
Market Research BriefA market research brief is a document written by the client, that should outline what they wish to find out during the research study. The aim of the brief is to allow the researcher to confidently plan… Read more... |
Market Research Code of ConductThe market research code of conducted is a list of regulations that market researchers follow when conducting a research study. It outlines the responsibilities of the researchers towards the participants… Read more... |
Market Research Companies ListA market research companies list is essentially a list of market research agencies either in the UK, or of international market research companies worldwide. Perhaps the easiest location to find market… Read more... |
Market Research Companies UKUK market research companies are regulated by the Market Research Society and the majority abide by that body’s Code of Conduct – a strict set of guidelines outlining what is an acceptable… Read more... |
Market Research CompanyA market research company is an organisation that specialises in gathering, analysing and interpreting data related to market conditions, consumer behaviour and industry trends. In the United Kingdom… Read more... |
Market Research DatabasesMarket Research Databases are organised pools of data used to store, manage and retrieve information. The information found in market research databases includes consumer research, market insight,… Read more... |
Market Research Group DynamicsMarket research group dynamics is the term which refers to the level of interaction between groups during research. Group dynamics are usually best witnessed within a focus group. A researcher is responsible… Read more... |
Market Research HostessA market research hostess, which is sometimes referred to as a qualitative assistant, is an individual who is present for assistance at focus group discussions. The main responsibilities of a market research… Read more... |
Market Research IncentivesMarket research incentives are used to urge people to partake in the research; this could be for a focus group, interview or even a survey. The incentives are monetary or non- monetary. Monetary incentives… Read more... |
Market Research InsightAn insight is a specific market research finding or set of related findings which give the researcher and their client an understanding of why or how a particular event occurs. It is commonly related… Read more... |
Market Research InterviewA market research interview is a term used in a general sense relating to the process of drawing information from a respondent. Interviews can take several different forms - from short on-street interviews… Read more... |
Market Research InterviewerA Market Research Interviewer, usually over the phone or face-to-face on the street, will make contact with members of the public, that fall within the prescribed target market, to gather their attitudes… Read more... |
Market Research ModeratorA market research moderator is responsible for ensuring the discussion in a focus group runs smoothly. They are also responsible for introducing new and relevant topics to the discussion to ensure the… Read more... |
Market Research Online Community (MROC)The concept of a market research online community is loosely based around social media platforms. The community consists of a closed group of members that converse about a specific topic related to market… Read more... |
Market Research PanelMarket Research Panels are made up of a group of people who meet certain demographic criteria. Respondents who sign up to a Market Research Panel are often willing to participate in multiple surveys over… Read more... |
Market research panels paidA market research panel is a group of people who have all signed up to take part in market research, such as surveys, focus groups, etc. There are two types of market research panels one for the general… Read more... |
Market Research ServicesMarket research services are the services a market research company offer to clients in order to carry out their required projects. At DJS Research, we are a full-service agency capable of carrying out… Read more... |
Market Research StrategyMarket research strategy refers to the strategy used to carry out market research. It is distinct from a ‘marketing strategy’ although, when clients form a marketing strategy, market research… Read more... |
Market Research Taste TestA market research taste test is a specific type of research project whereby respondents are asked to try one or more samples of food or drink and provide feedback on how they think it tastes. A market… Read more... |
MAXDIFFMAXDIFF (also known as Maximum Difference Scaling or Best/Worst Scaling) is a statistical tool developed in the 1990s which allows the importance of certain product services / benefits to be quantified… Read more... |
Mean: Market ResearchThe mean is a simple average gained by adding together the sum of all the responses to a question, and dividing them by the number of responses. The mean is a numerical value, and is often used in mean… Read more... |
Median: Market ResearchThe median is a method of gaining an 'average' from a set of data. First, the data must be arranged in terms of increasing magnitude, and then the middle value is selected. For example, the data… Read more... |
Methodological TriangulationMethodological triangulation is sometimes referred to as mixed method research due to it combining a mixture of market research methods into one topic. The purpose of methodological triangulation within… Read more... |
MINDSPACE behaviour changeMindspace behaviour change is a framework that can be used to help people decide if they want to commit to behaviour modification. It comes under behavioural science as it is the first step in understanding… Read more... |
Mini GroupsMini groups are similar to a focus group only smaller they can contain between 2 and 5 people. Mini groups are a qualitative research method. They may be used when the topic area is difficult and may… Read more... |
Mobile Ethnography ResearchMobile ethnography research is a market research appproach which builds on traditional ethnographic research approaches, but utilising the technological developments and widespread uptake associated with… Read more... |
Mode: Market ResearchThe mode is a form of average which looks at the most commonly occuring value or response in a set of data. The mode can be a numerical value or an item for instance. For example, in the following data… Read more... |
Modelling Market ResearchModelling, or predictive modelling, is the application of a set of assumptions to a number of variables and the relationship existing between those variables. Predictive modelling is useful for trying… Read more... |
Monadic RatingIn monadic rating, the respondent is asked to give a product or service a rating on a scale without any reference or comparison to another product or service. Monadic scales are most often utilsied when… Read more... |
Multi-Browser Testing for SurveysHow have we used multi-browser testing within our survey design? We have implemented rigorous testing across internet browser platforms (old and new). You can’t always account for every single version… Read more... |
Multi-Client Market ResearchMulti-client market research is the phrase used to describe a project when the cost and findings from the study are shared among at least two different clients. The clients decide how they split the cost… Read more... |
Multi-Code: Market ResearchIn market research, a multi-code response is one in which the respondent may choose more than one answer. So, for instance, when asked why they purchased a pair of trainers, the respondent may be able… Read more... |
Multi-Dimensional ScalingMulti-dimensional scaling (MDS) is a statistical technique that allows researchers to find and explore underlying themes, or dimensions, in order to explain similarities or dissimilarities (i.e. distances)… Read more... |
Multi-Modal ResearchMulti-modal research is a type of market research where the respondent is asked to comment on a product using the five senses – smell, sight, sound, taste and touch. This methodology is most used… Read more... |
Multiple Choice: Market ResearchIn market research, a multiple choice question is a form of question where the individual being interviewed may only answer from a pre-determined list. Multiple choice questions should not be confused… Read more... |
Multiple Regression AnalysisMultiple regression analysis is one of the most common types of linear regression analysis – linking dependent and independent variables to find trends. In contrast to simple linear regression,… Read more... |
Multivariate Analysis Market ResearchMutlivariate analysis is a broad term encompassing a wide array of quantitative data analysis techniques, such as factor analysis and regression analysis. Many of these techniques involve analysing data… Read more... |
Mystery Shopping Market ResearchMystery shopping is a market research technique that for measuring, and monitoring on an on-going basis if necessary, the interactions between a customer and a company or organisation during a pre-defined… Read more... |
Net Promoter ScoreA net promoter score is a score given to a company in relation to the service that they provide to their customers. To get this, a net promoter score survey is conducted by asking consumers a range of… Read more... |
Neuromarketing ResearchNeuromarketing research is the area that studies neurological responses to stimuli such as advertisements or branding. Performing a neuromarketing study can help the researcher understand the subconscious… Read more... |
New Concept DevelopmentNew Concept Development refers to the process of bringing a new product or idea into a market. There are two branches of New Concept Development – the first involves coming up with the idea, designing… Read more... |
Nominal Scale - Market ResearchA nominal scale, sometimes called a qualitative scale, seperates items based on a nominal value. Nominal values cannot be 'ranked'. For instance, ethnicity would represent a nominal scale, as… Read more... |
Non-Balanced Scale - Market ResearchNon-balanced scales, in market research, are scales in which the respondent is given more options to express themselves one way than they are another. For instance, a non-balanced scale might be used… Read more... |
Non-Probability Sampling - Market ResearchNon-probability sampling is not generally encouraged in market research as it is not possible to apply findings from this kind of sample to the wider population. That said, when the project in question… Read more... |
Non-sampling Error - Market ResearchNon-sampling error is wide-ranging term which describes any cause of inaccuracy, i.e. the result of the research deviating from the true-value, that was not related to the sample chosen. Non-sample errors… Read more... |
Observation RoomAn observation room is a term used to describe a room next to another room with a window across the side of one of the walls. It is usually blacked out although occasionally both parties can see each… Read more... |
Observational Techniques Market ResearchObservational techniques, or observation, is the process of viewing phenomena in their naturally occuring setting. In market research, this can be a stand alone form of research methodology, or can form… Read more... |
Omnibus Survey Market ResearchOmnibus surveys are normally large scale market research surveys covering a nationally representative sample (or at least a sample that is in high demand) and containing a number of questions on a wide-range… Read more... |
Online Focus GroupsOnline focus groups are, in essence, groups of respondents (usually 8 - 10) who are encouraged to discuss and debate a specific topic via the internet. While traditional focus group studies still have… Read more... |
Online focus groupsOnline focus groups are a based on the principles of the traditional focus group research method however they are conducted online, allowing for a dispersed geographic spread which is normally not possible… Read more... |
Online Market ResearchOnline market research can take a number of forms - from long term communities and panels, to online focus groups which are a couple of hours long, all the way down to 2 minute surveys. When considering… Read more... |
Online Market Research PanelAn online market research panel is a group of online individuals who respond to various research studies presented to them. For the researcher to get to the correct target population, the online research… Read more... |
Online Survey SoftwareOnline survey software provides a web-based format on which surveys can be created and circulated. Online survey software has been used in a variety of sectors including Education, Business, Events and… Read more... |
Online Survey ToolsIn utilising an online interface, online survey tools provide a quick, easy, and cost-effective means of delivering surveys, and analysis of the results yielded, through one, centralised system. Online… Read more... |
Online surveys for moneyhttp://www.djsresearch.co.uk./insightpanelParticipants are now able to complete surveys online for cash incentives. It has become a lucrative market with many companies enticing participants with the… Read more... |
Open-Ended Question Market ResearchAn open-ended question is often used in market research to illicit a fuller response from a respondent and to encourage them to give more of their own thoughts and feelings. It is a question which has… Read more... |
Paid focus groupsFocus groups are a research method which involves the use of participants in a roundtable-like discussion where opinions can be expressed regarding a certain product or service. This can then be used… Read more... |
Paid Market ResearchPaid Market Research is sometimes offered as a thank you for participating in research projects. Our market research insight panel gives you the chance to get paid for your opinions with paid market research… Read more... |
Paid Online SurveysPaid online surveys are becoming more prevalent in the emerging era of information technology that we live in today. Online surveys are hosted via the internet with the promise of a paid incentive in… Read more... |
Paid research studiesPaid research studies come in many forms from incentivised online surveys to paid clinical trials. They are designed as a way to gauge the market and for companies to ensure they are targeting the right… Read more... |
Paid survey sitesSurvey sites can provide a great introductory way to make money online and is usually a more immediate way of generating income compared to other online money-making methods. The completion rate… Read more... |
Paid SurveysPaid surveys are an incentivised form of statistical survey where participants are compensated for their partaking and completion of a survey. The payment usually comes in the form of a cash incentive… Read more... |
Paid surveys at homeThe way in which participants complete surveys has changed with the growth in technology. Traditional methods used to include postal surveys and face to face surveys completed on location with little… Read more... |
Paired Market Research DepthsPaired Market Research Depths, as the name suggests, are interviews that are carried out with two respondents at the same time. In recent years qualitative technologies have increased dramatically with… Read more... |
Panel Market ResearchMarket research panels are groups of repondents who make up a long-standing sample group which can be used by an agency or other entity to gain data. Panels may be nationally representative and large… Read more... |
Paradox of Specificity (User Research)The Paradox of Specificity is a user research and user experience theory which suggests that adapting our efforts to the needs of a more specific group will result in solutions (products, concepts, services)… Read more... |
Parents Market ResearchDJS Research has a wealth of experience conducting market research with parents, through our parents, kids and teens online community, Chatter Zone. Chatter Zone is comprised of 50 parents of children… Read more... |
Pen PortraitsPen portraits stem from telephone surveys, where participants are asked if they are willing to take part in further research and, if so, their contact and profiling details are captured. These details… Read more... |
Performance Monitoring Market ResearchPerformance monitoring market research provides a method of assessing the effectiveness of a marketing plan once that plan has been agreed upon. Typically, it would look at key performance measures such… Read more... |
Pet Market ResearchIn market research, pet market research includes research with pet owners, pet retail firms, pet brands and pet charities, across both the private and third sector. This can include anyone who owns a… Read more... |
Pie Charts - Market ResearchIt is becoming increasingly accepted that, where possible, pie charts should be avoided when representing the majority of market research data. One of the major aims of market research is to collect and… Read more... |
Pilot Study Market ResearchA pilot study is performed before the main research study has begun and is used to evaluate the key parts of the proposed study before fully committing. They are more commonly used, and are more effective… Read more... |
Point of Sale Market ResearchPoint of Sale is essentially when customers and products first come into contact, whether it’s in-store, online, in a catalogue, on a banner or through an app – the same rules apply. Point… Read more... |
Polymer Market ResearchPolymer market research is a type of industrial market research which focuses on polymers, and products with a similar chemical make up. This type of research might involve analysis of the supply chain,… Read more... |
Post Code - Market ResearchIn market research, post codes are often used to ensure that quotas are being met. For instance, a local council may want to speak to an even spread of individuals who live across the numerous boroughs… Read more... |
Postal Market ResearchPostal market research involves sending out questionnaires to potential respondents via the post. Respondents are required to fill in the survey themselves and are normally provided with a business reply… Read more... |
Primary Market ResearchPrimary market research is the collection of primary data – data that is collected first hand from a customer or consumer. It can be carried out by utilising a variety of different market research… Read more... |
Probability SamplingProbability sampling is a sampling method where all the participants, knowingly, have an equal chance at being selected based on probability. When a larger population is involved in a research study,… Read more... |
Product Positioning ResearchWhile research into segmentation aims to identify who the customers are, Product Positioning Research helps identify what to say to them. Product Positioning Research is carried out to understand the… Read more... |
Projective Techniques Market ResearchProjective techniques are used in market research to help the interviewer or moderator obtain the 'real views' of a participant which might normally remain hidden. Projective techniques allow… Read more... |
Psychology Behavioural SciencePsychology behavioural science is the study of human behaviour through the lens of psychological principles, focusing on understanding how and why individuals make decisions. This is an interdisciplinary… Read more... |
QR Market Research SurveysThe term QR Market Research or Quick Response Market Research refers to the method of directing potential respondents to an online survey. A QR code is a specific two-dimensional code, which can be read… Read more... |
Qualifying Market Research QuestionsQualifying Market Research Questions, which also might be known as screening questions, are used in market research to identify a potential respondent that can proceed with the research interview or survey;… Read more... |
Qualitative and Quantitative Research MethodsQualitative and quantitative research methods are the two broad elements which make up market research. In short, quantitative research methods are often based on more numerical forms of data and qualitative… Read more... |
Qualitative Market ResearchQualitative market research looks at issues in-depth and seeks to understand the how and why behind decisions, as opposed to the 'who' and 'how many'. This type of research covers a broad… Read more... |
Qualitative Online CommunitiesQualitative online communities provide an online setting in which to carry out short or longer-term asynchronous research. At DJS Research we use an industry-leading research tool for conducting online… Read more... |
Qualitative Research DesignQualitative research design varies depending upon the method used; participant observations, in-depth interviews (face-to-face or on the telephone), and focus groups are all examples of methodologies… Read more... |
Quantitative Market ResearchQuantitative market research is generally carried out on a larger scale than qualitative research - involving more numerous but shorter interviews. Quantitative market research seeks to understand how… Read more... |
Quantitative Research DesignQuantitative research design relates to the design of a research project which uses quantitative research methods. The design varies depending on the method used, which could be telephone interviews,… Read more... |
Questionnaires In Market ResearchA questionnaire is a list of questions that is put to a member of the target population; either presented orally or in writing. Questionnaires are effective because they can be designed to suit any product… Read more... |
Quota Market Research SampleQuota Market Research Sample is a method of sampling, most commonly used in opinion polling and market research. It is made up of a set number of respondent that possess specified and identified… Read more... |
Random Digit Dialling (RDD)Random Digit Dialling (RDD) is a common method of selecting people to take part in telephone surveys. The computer based technique picks telephone numbers at random, to provide a representative survey… Read more... |
Random SamplingRandom Sampling is one of the most common ways of sampling. As with Unbiased Market Research Samples, each person in the subset (or sample) is chosen at random and entirely by chance. This technique allows… Read more... |
Raw Data in Market ResearchOften called primary data, raw data is the term used in a research study that describes data that hasn’t been analysed or transformed in any way and is collected directly from a source. Once the… Read more... |
Recruitment ScreenerA recruitment screener is a series of qualifying questions used by market researchers to identify if the selection of participants accurately reflects the target population. They are also used to assess… Read more... |
Regression AnalysisRegression analysis is statistical tool used to compare relationships between dependent and independent variables. It is possibly one of the most widely used statistical techniques. Regression analysis… Read more... |
Representative SampleA representative sample is similar to an unbiased market research sample; it is a subset of a population that accurately reflects all members of that population. It is made up of a small quantity… Read more... |
Research AgencyA market research agency is a company, division of a company, organisation or (sometimes) an individual who specialises in carrying out market research projects. Agencies come in different guises - some… Read more... |
Research DesignResearch design is a general plan or ‘blueprint’ that will dictate how the research study is to be performed. The researcher will use essential components such as: type of data needed, cost,… Read more... |
Research MethodsResearch is a process of enquiry and investigation. It is also systematic, methodical and ethical and research can help solve practical problems and increase knowledge. Generally, research can be broken… Read more... |
Respondent FatigueRespondent fatigue commonly occurs when the participant becomes tired of the survey they are being asked to complete. The participant’s attention and motivation will drop during the latter stages,… Read more... |
Response Rate in SurveysA survey response rate is viewed as an important factor in deciding upon a survey’s quality - the higher the response rate, the higher deemed quality of the survey. To calculate the response rate,… Read more... |
Restaurant Market ResearchBefore restaurants are open, there will be an increased amount of market research performed to uncover a gap in the local market or to illicit what the consumers are really looking for. A common type… Read more... |
Sample - Market ResearchIn market research, sample refers to a sub-group of the population which is being researched. For instance, to understand how football fans feel about the use of technology in football, we would not ask… Read more... |
Sampling FrameA sampling frame is a list or database from which a sample can be used. In market research terms, a sampling frame is a database of potential respondents that can be drawn from to invite to take part… Read more... |
Sampling IntervalSampling interval is the distance or time between which measurements are taken, or data is recorded. In research terms, also referred to as ‘nth selection’, this is when we select every nth… Read more... |
Sampling UnitA sampling unit can refer to any single person, animal, plant, product or ‘thing’ being researched In the context of market research, a sampling unit is an individual person. The term sampling… Read more... |
Scaled-Response QuestionsScaled-response questions are questions that have a predefined answer list with options that are incrementally related to each other with the purpose of measuring the intensity to which a respondent feels… Read more... |
School Market ResearchMarket research with schools is often carried out in order to speak to teachers and other educators about their views on a range of topics - including the resources available to them, their satisfaction… Read more... |
Scotland Market ResearchScottish market research refers to process of analysing, collecting and interpreting data related to Scotland. This is normally the economic environment within Scotland, consumer behaviour of the Scottish… Read more... |
Secondary Market ResearchSecondary market research includes data that is already compiled and organised for you. Examples of secondary information include reports and studies by government agencies, trade associations or other… Read more... |
Segmentation Market ResearchMarket research segmentation is the procedure of dividing up similar participants of the target population into groups that are different to one another. There are many different ways in which to split… Read more... |
Semiotics in Market ResearchSemiotics is used in market research to help the researcher understand how and why individuals use their current environment to make decisions. Semiotics is the study of sign-using behaviour, meaning… Read more... |
Sequential Market Research TestingSequential market research testing is the process of using an individual participant to test a single product, and after they have provided feedback on this product, using the same participant to repeat… Read more... |
SIMALTOSIMALTO is the acronym given to the term Simultaneous Multi-Attribute Level Trade-Off. This tool was invented by a market researcher called John Green in 1977, and is used in both business and consumer… Read more... |
Social Media MonitoringSocial media monitoring involves using a tool or range of tools to listen to what is being said across the internet, with a particular focus on social media and Web 2.0 sites, as well as news sites and… Read more... |
Staff Market ResearchStaff research is performed amongst employees to uncover their true opinions and experiences. It is of increasing importance, because the research helps improve customer and employee satisfaction. High… Read more... |
Standard DeviationStandard deviation is used in analysing statistics and is a measure of the variation from the data set to the mean – the bigger the variation, the higher the standard deviation. When conducting… Read more... |
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) CodeA standard industrial classification code is a four-digit code that is used to categorize industry areas and are assigned via common features in the product. SIC codes were first used in America in the… Read more... |
Statistical AnalysisStatistical analysis is the process a researcher goes through to uncover patterns and trends within data. The researcher may also choose to use a computer programme to assist in sorting through the data,… Read more... |
Statistical Margin of ErrorA statistical margin of error is used to express the amount of random sampling error in a research survey. Researchers will aim for a smaller margin of error as to increase the validity of their study… Read more... |
Statistical SignificanceStatistical significance is used by market researchers to ensure their findings have not occurred by chance, and are reliable. For a research finding to be statistically significant, the researcher must… Read more... |
Stimuli (Market Research)Stimuli (stimulus in the singular) are any materials or items used to prompt respondents in a market research setting. Stimuli may be physical (such as a product) or audio / visual, such as a film or… Read more... |
Strategic Priority Matrix (SPM)The strategic priority matrix is an effective tool to use in order to demonstrate gaps between the required or expected service level and the level of service currently being received. This can show areas… Read more... |
Street Research SurveyA street survey is often performed as an interview and is a form of face-to-face market research. The use of a street survey is most effective when a large demographic need to be interviewed, as it is… Read more... |
Structural Equation modellingStructural equation modelling, often abbreviated to SEM, is a multivariate analysis technique, which pools together a range of traditional multivariate analysis methods and are then estimated simultaneously.… Read more... |
Structured Question in Market ResearchA structured question is a closed question used in surveys to illicit fast and precise answers while reducing the amount of thinking the participant does. These types of questions will also reduce the… Read more... |
Survey Stratification ResearchSurvey stratification is used when dividing up the overall population into smaller subpopulations, to help see different patterns in the data. Survey stratification should be used either before collecting… Read more... |
Sustainable MarketingSustainable marketing, also known as green marketing, is the promotion of environmentally and socially responsible products, practices and brands. For example, if you have bought something at a higher… Read more... |
SWOT AnalysisA SWOT Analysis is a method used in market research to analyse four key aspects of a client business or project that could determine the success of said business or project in achieving its objectives.… Read more... |
Syndicated Market ResearchSyndicated market research is a study performed and funded by a market research company, without any specific client. The data collected is then presented and made available for anyone to buy. Syndicated… Read more... |
System 1 and 2 Thinking In Market ResearchThe concept of system 1 and 2 thinking is used to help understand why a consumer would choose one brand or product over a different one. System 1 thinking is more common, believed to be used for around… Read more... |
T-TestA T-test is used to determine the difference between at-least two groups of data in order to test if they came from the same population. When a research study is completed, there will be lots of data… Read more... |
Take surveys for moneySurveys are not just done on a free basis, businesses have started to recognise the importance of customer opinions and are now offering money incentives to participate. This money can come in numerous… Read more... |
Target PopulationBefore research can begin the target population must be identified and agreed upon. The target population is the entire population, or group, that a researcher is interested in researching and analysing.… Read more... |
Teacher Evaluation ResearchTeacher evaluation research is designed to understand the effectiveness of teachers in terms of their ability to carry out their role - i.e. how good are teachers at teaching. There are numerous methods… Read more... |
Teens Market ResearchDJS Research has a wide range of experience carrying out market research with teenagers, through our online community, Chatter Zone. Chatter Zone is comprised of 100 children and teenagers aged 8 to 18,… Read more... |
Telephone Interview Market ResearchTelephone interviews are similar to other forms of market research interview, but are carried out over the phone. Telephone interviews fall under two broad categories - teledepths and quantitative interviews.… Read more... |
Telephone Research SampleTelephone research sample, put simply, is the name given to those respondents who complete research over the phone. It is still commonplace for research to be performed over the telephone - this can be… Read more... |
Telephone surveysTelephone surveys utilised computer aided telephone interviewing (CATI) to undertake market research via the phone. With CATI interviews, participants respond to interviewer questions and their responses… Read more... |
Tests of SignificanceTests of significance (or significance testing) are the mathematical testing or checking of data to see how high or low the probability is that it would be different from the characteristics or views… Read more... |
TGI (Target Group Index)Target Group Index is the oldest single source media and marketing survey in Britain being established since 1969. This now covers more than 50 countries worldwide with hundreds of thousands of completed… Read more... |
Trend Market Research DataTrend market research data looks at responses over time, usually at regular intervals (e.g. monthly, quarterly or yearly), rather than at a singular point. Trending data over time means that we can observe… Read more... |
TURF Market Research AnalysisTURF market research analysis is a technique of statistical analysis, which is used to project estimates of media and market potential of a product or service. In order to provide such estimates, TURF… Read more... |
Unbalanced ScaleAn unbalanced scale question is the opposite of one which utilises a balanced scale. It is an ordinal question asked to respondents in a piece of market research, commonly of a quantitative nature, and… Read more... |
Unbiased Market Research SamplesUnbiased Market Research Samples are a subset set of people chosen from a population. Each person is chosen at random and entirely by chance. This technique allows each individual to have the same probability… Read more... |
Univariate Analysis - Market ResearchUnivariate analysis is a form of quantitative, statistical, evaluation. This method of analysis separately studies the findings regarding each variable in a data set, and therefore each individual variable… Read more... |
Unstructured QuestionsUnstructured questions are used in qualitative research and most predominantly, in face-to-face interviews, as conversation is able to flow more naturally between the researcher and the respondent. However,… Read more... |
Unstructured SegmentationUnstructured segmentation is the action of segmenting a market without any prior knowledge or information as to how many segments there are, how they are different and why these differences might exist.… Read more... |
Usability TestingUsability testing is used in a range of industries and involves allowing a customer to use a product, and then analysing their thoughts and how it performed. The test helps identify issues with a product… Read more... |
User Research (User Experience Research / UX)User research encompasses a range of approaches which can utilised to understand how users experience or use a product or service and what they expect from it. When interacting with a product or service,… Read more... |
ValidityIn market research, validity is the degree to which the purpose of a research project was successfully fulfilled - i.e. did the project actually measure the things it was intended to. Read more... |
Value Assessment ResearchValue Assessment Research allows companies to assess the worth of a new product or service before it is introduced to the market. By conducting this type of research, companies can gauge whether or not… Read more... |
Van Westendorp Pricing TechniqueThe Van Westendorp pricing techniqueis used to determine the optimal price point for a product. Typically, open questions which ask a consumer how much they would be willing to buy for a product produce… Read more... |
VerbatimA verbatim is a 'word for word' statement or response from a respondent or research participant. Verbatims are typically an output of quantitative research, but may also fall out of open-ended… Read more... |
Video Focus GroupsThe term video focus group refers to a focus group which is carried out via a webcam, or smartphone application. Therefore, a video focus group allows one to participate in or conduct a focus group, remotely.… Read more... |
Viewing RoomWithin market research, a Viewing Room is a dedicated room in which researchers can sit and observe focus groups and depth interviews through a one way mirror. These Viewing Rooms are often found in Market… Read more... |
Visitor Experience ResearchVisitor experience research is a term for a specific form of market research, focussed around the experience of visitors. Typically this would focus on satisfaction, likelihood to recommend, any specific… Read more... |
VoicED Education Market Research CommunityVoicED is a bespoke education market research community owned and operated by DJS Research Ltd. The panel provides both full service education market research and simple sample provision for market research… Read more... |
Wales Market ResearchWelsh market research refers to the systematic process of collecting, analysing and interpreting data related to consumer behaviour and economic trends within the region of Wales. Welsh market research… Read more... |
Website Research SurveyWebsite surveys are questionnaires used to gather a variety of different types of customer feedback about a website. Like any survey, the correct questions need to be asked in order to gain the most insight… Read more... |
Weighted Market Research SampleArguably, weighted market research sample is an underused commodity, which can significantly impact the results of a research project and thus alter the business objectives which arise from the research.… Read more... |
Word AssociationIn market research, word association is a method of testing respondents' opinions and perceptions by giving them a word or phrase and requesting that they respond with the first word that comes in… Read more... |
Word Clouds in Market ResearchWord clouds are a spatial information visualization approach used in market research to transform written content into engaging imagery. While they often gain criticism because of the incorrect ways they… Read more... |
X Generation (Generation X)Generation X is the generation of individuals born after the Second World War, approximately between the early 1960s and the early 1980s. The key point about generation X is less when they were born,… Read more... |
X Market Research - (#MRX)MRX is a common shorthand for market research - initially used frequently on Twitter and other social networks, it has now become a well-known standard. Many early users thought the tag stood for Market… Read more... |
Y Generation (Generation Y)Generation Y, also called the millenial generation, is the generation of people directly following that of Generation X. Their birth dates are less defined, although most commentators agree with birth… Read more... |
Yea Saying - Market ResearchAlso known as acquiescence bias, Yea Saying is a phenomenon which occurs from certain respondents tending to agree with whatever is said to them. This bias often occurs when either the researchers, or… Read more... |
Z-TestA Z-test is a statistical test, used in market research to determine the similarity between two sets of data. Z-tests are usually used when sample values are high, and compare the means of two seperate… Read more... |
ZIP Code - Market ResearchZIP codes are the equivalent of post codes in United States. ZIP codes are assigned by the United States Postal Service and the acronym stands for Zone Improvement Plan. Standard ZIP codes are either… Read more... |
